Pressure per Square Inch Calculator
| Unit | Value |
|---|
Here’s a comprehensive table with all the essential information about pressure per square inch (PSI):
| Aspect | Information |
|---|---|
| Definition | Pressure exerted on one square inch of surface area |
| Symbol | psi or lbf/in² |
| SI equivalent | 1 psi = 6,894.75729 pascals (Pa) |
| Standard atmospheric pressure | 14.6959 psi at sea level |
| Common conversions | 1 psi = 0.068046 atm |
| 1 psi = 0.068948 bar | |
| 1 psi = 6.894757 kPa | |
| 1 psi = 51.71493 mmHg | |
| 1 psi = 2.036021 inHg | |
| 1 psi = 27.68067 inH₂O | |
| Typical ranges | Automobile tires: 30-35 psi |
| Bicycle tires: 40-120 psi | |
| Home water pressure: 40-80 psi | |
| Scuba tanks: 3000 psi | |
| Hydraulic systems: up to 10,000 psi |
Key Points:
- PSI is widely used in the United States and some other countries for many pressure measurements.
- It’s commonly used for tire pressure, water pressure, and in many engineering applications.
- In scientific and international contexts, the pascal (Pa) is the standard unit of pressure.
- 1 megapascal (MPa) = 145.038 psi (useful for high-pressure applications).
- Gauge pressure (psig) vs. Absolute pressure (psia):
- psig is measured relative to atmospheric pressure
- psia is measured relative to a perfect vacuum
- At sea level: psia = psig + 14.7 (approximately)
Pressure Conversion Formulas:
- Pa to psi: psi = Pa ÷ 6894.75729
- bar to psi: psi = bar × 14.5038
- atm to psi: psi = atm × 14.6959
- mmHg to psi: psi = mmHg × 0.0193368
- inHg to psi: psi = inHg × 0.49115
- kPa to psi: psi = kPa × 0.145038
Applications:
- Automotive: Tire pressure, oil pressure, fuel injection systems
- Plumbing: Water pressure in pipes and fixtures
- HVAC: Refrigerant pressures, air handling systems
- Industrial: Hydraulic and pneumatic systems, pressure vessels
- Medical: Blood pressure (though often measured in mmHg)
- Aviation: Cabin pressure, hydraulic systems
- Diving: Tank pressure, depth pressure calculations
Safety Considerations:
- Always use appropriate pressure relief valves in pressurized systems
- Be aware of the maximum rated pressure for any equipment or container
- Use proper personal protective equipment when working with high-pressure systems
This table and additional information provide a comprehensive overview of pressure per square inch (PSI), including key conversions, typical ranges, applications, and safety considerations. It covers the most common uses and conversions related to PSI, which is essential for various fields including engineering, automotive, and industrial applications.